La monja Alférez es uno de los personajes más curiosos de la colonia en Chile, y quizás de toda la américa española. Todo en la vida de esta persona es de novela.
Llegó del Perú durante el siglo XVII y luchó en la guerra de Arauco en donde ganó fama por su habilidad con las armas y su valentía en batalla. Por sus méritos ganó el grado de Alférez.
En Chile estuvo alrededor de tres años y durante todo ese tiempo no le faltaron las riñas y hechos violentos de todo tipo matando incluso a su hermano.
Huye a Argentina y desde ahí a Bolivia. Curiosamente ahí es apresado por error. Intenta llevar una vida tranquila de comerciante en la Paz pero nuevamente recae en pendencias sin fin y grandes violencias por lo que es procesado. Escapa a Perú en donde vuelve a las andanzas pero esta vez la suerte lo abandona y herido y en peligro de muerte confiesa su gran secreto: es mujer.
Catalina de Arauso nació en España y fue inicialmente una novicia, pero su caracter pendenciero era poco apropiado para el claustro. Desde ahí escapa y adoptando una identidad masculina pasa a américa a probar fortuna.
Sometida a las autoridades eclesiásticas retorna a España esta vez como monja para ser procesada por el santo oficio. Pero en Europa su vida de aventuras causa sensación. El rey Felipe IV la indulta y la autoriza para continuar su identidad masculina. El monarca la apoda con el nombre con que pasa a la historia de la américa española: la monja alférez
Finalmente muere en México en 1860
Busto de Catalina de Arauso en San Sebastián, España.
Sus memorias se publicaron en 1830 y fueron traducidas a varios idiomas
Catalina de Arauso si bien declaró haber tenido algún tipo de relación homosexual no es clara cuál fue orientación sexual. En Argentina habría prometido amor a dos muchachas a las cuales abandonó. Los tribunales eclesiásticos aseguraron que era virgen
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